micronutients 2.0
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What are carbohydrates?
Carbohydrates are sugars and starches that give the body quick energy.
Why are carbs important?
They are the body’s main energy source, especially for the brain and muscles.
simple carbs? complex carbs?
simple carbs are sugars that digest quickly, complex carbs are starches and fibre that digest slowly and give long-lasting energy.
What are lipids? What are the functions of fats?
lipids are Fats and oils that store long-term energy. fats functions : Energy storage, insulation, hormone production, and protecting organs.
What are saturated fats?
Solid fats (butter, cheese) that can raise cholesterol.
What are unsaturated fats?
Healthy fats (olive oil, nuts, fish) that help the heart.
Why are trans fats bad?
They increase bad cholesterol and risk of heart disease.
What are proteins made of?
Amino acids (20 total).
What are essential amino acids? non-essantial?
essential are Amino acids we MUST get from food. non- essential are Amino acids our body can make.
Why are proteins important?
A: They build muscles, repair tissues, make enzymes and hormones.
What is an enzyme?
A protein that speeds up chemical reactions in the body.
How do vegetarians get complete protein?
: By eating different plant foods together (beans + rice, nuts + grains).
What are vitamins?
A: Organic micronutrients needed in small amounts for body functions.
What are fat-soluble vitamins? water-soluble?
fat soluble are Vitamins A, D, E, K (stored in fat). water-soluble are Vitamin C and B vitamins (not stored, must eat daily).
Why are vitamins important?
A: They help with immunity, vision, skin, bones, and energy.
Why is calcium important?
Builds strong bones and teeth.
What are minerals? examples of it?
Inorganic nutrients from soil and water that help body functions. examples: Calcium, iron, potassium, sodium, zinc.
Why is iron important?
Helps red blood cells carry oxygen.
Why are processed foods unhealthy for micronutrients?
They often have too much sugar, salt, and unhealthy fats, and they lose vitamins and minerals during processing.
omega 3 & 6 benefits? and what they are?
They are essential unsaturated fats we must get from food. They help the brain, heart, and reduce inflammation. Omega-3: good for brain, vision development, you need enough of this: fish, nuts, seeds Omega-6: helps brain function skin, hair health,: vegetable oils, nuts, seeds