POTASSIUM, MAGNESIUM, CHLORIDE, BICARBONATE
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• “housed” within the cell • major intracellular cation in the body
potassium ion
what specimen is used if your test is potassium
serum
if the platelet count is increased what will be the result? what anticoagulant should be used to obtain what specimen?
increase potassium; heparin; obtain plasma
if the prolonged tourniquet application or fist clenching what will be the result?
increases potassium shift
in potassium determination whole blood samples should be stored at what temperature
room temperature
what are the colorimetric methods
lockhead and purcell method ion selective electrode (potentiometry)
what are the components of the inner electrolyte solution in ISE that measures directly the potassium
valinomycin membrane Potassium chloride
product of lockhead and purcell method
sodium potassium cobaltinitrite
substrate of lockhead and purcell method
sodium cobaltinitrite
color developer of lockhead and purcell method and what color is produced
phenol; blue
absorbance of potassium
578nm
reference and indicator of ISE
potentiometry
● Fourth most abundant cation ● Second most abundant intracellular ion
magnesium
Magnesium Specimen Consideration
Non-hemolyzed serum Lithium Heparin Plasma 24-hour urine
where can you find majority of the magnesium
bone
Magnesium Functions
● essential cofactor ● transcellular ion transport ● neuromuscular transmission ● synthesis of carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acid ● release of and response to certain hormones
what anticoagulants should be avoided because it will bind with magnesium
oxalate citrate ethylenediaminetetraacitic acid
in methylthymol blue method mg binds to … to form a …
chromogen; colored complex
● Preferred for analysis because of a diurnal variation in excretion ● Must be acidified with HCl to avoid precipitation
24-hour urine
formazan dye method will bind to … to form … that may be read at …
dye; colored complex; 660 nm
what are the magnesium colorimetric methods
Calmagite Method Formazan Dye Method Methylthymol Blue Method
what color does calgamite method produce and what is the absorbance
reddish-violet complex; 532nm
reference method of magnesium
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry
• Major extracellular anion • Involved in maintaining osmolality, blood volume, and electric neutrality • Chloride shifts secondarily to a movement of sodium or bicarbonate ions
chloride