Beef Cattle
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what is cow parturition?
calving
what is an intact male cow?
bull
what is a castrated male cow?
steer
what is a female cow?
cow
what is a young male cow?
bull calf/bullock
what is a young female cow?
heifer
what are all young cows?
calves
what is the ancestor of cattle?
the auroch
who is considered to be the father of selective breeding and what did he do?
Robert Bakewell, he bred sheep, horses, and donkeys for specific traits
what is special about Dishley Longhorn cattle?
they were selected only for meat characteristics, originally took a long time to mature but through selection matured faster and showed better meat characteristics
who were the very first US cattle and why?
Corriente, they were very hardy and adaptable
what are Corriente cattle mostly used for now?
rodeos
when did Shorthorns come along and what were they?
1783, dual breed —> milk and meat
when did Herefords show up and what are they?
1817, good beef and good mothering abilities
name three European cow breeds?
Shorthorn Hereford Angus
what did the Civil War in the 1860’s do?
led to trail driving as westward expansion began
when did Angus show up and what are they?
the most popular breed today, fertile, good mothering abilities
when did cattle importations begin?
1960’s
when did synthetics/composition breeds begin?
1970’s, created from crossbreeding
give an example of a synthetic breed?
Santa Gertrudis= 5/8Shorthorn + 3/8Brahman
what are purebred cattle?
they have a defined set of genetically inherited characteristics/traits
how many purebred cattle are there?
250 breeds recognized
how many varieties and types of cattle are there that aren’t given a name?
over 300
why are there so many beef cattle breeds?
you have to make beef cattle to fit their environment