Chapter 2
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Multiplication/Division Significant Figures
Answer has the same number of significant figures as the measurement with the fewest number of significant figures.
Addition/Subtraction Significant Figures
Answer has the same number of decimal places as the measurement with the fewest decimal places.
Deci (d)
0.1 - Tenth
Centi (c)
0.01 - Hundredths
Milli (m)
0.001 - Thousandth
Micro (µ)
0.000001 - Millionth
Nano (n)
0.000000001 - Billonth
Pico (p)
0.000000000001 - Trillionth
When one side of an equation is squared, you have to square the other side as well
When one side of an equation is squared, you have to square the other side as well
Density
ρ = m/V
Element
Simple substance that has the same number of protons.
Isotope
Atoms with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.
Homogenous Mixture
Composition is uniform throughout the sample.
Heterogeneous Mixture
Composition is not uniform throughout the sample.
Physical Property
Characteristic observed without changing the identity of composition of the substance.
Chemical Property
Characteristic of how a substance undergoes chemical change.
Physical Change
Change in physical appearance without changing its chemical composition.
Chemical Change
When a substance undergoes a change in composition.
Signs of Chemical Change
• Change in color • Formation of a solid • Formation of bubbles • Change in temperature • Smell • Flame
Celsius to Fahrenheit
(°C x 9/5) + 32 = F
Fahrenheit to Celsius
(°F - 32) x 5/9 = °C
Celsius to Kelvin
°C + 273.15 = K
Specific Heat Capacity Equation
Q = mcΔT Q - Heat Energy M - Mass C - Specific Heat Capacity ΔT - Change in Temperature ΔT = T(f) - T(i)
13 Al 26.981
Atomic Number Atom Symbol Atomic Mass