States of Matter / the KMT: GASES
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The Kinetic- Molecular Theory of Matter:
based on the idea that particles of matter are always in motion
1/5 Postulates of the Kinetic-Molecular Theory of Gases:
particles are in constant, rapid,, straight-line motion RESULT: - gases expand to fill containers - gases are fluids- they flow
2/5 Postulates of the Kinetic-Molecular Theory of Gases:
collisons between fas particles, other particles and the container wall are elastic collisions
As # of collisions increase=
pressure increases
3/5 Postulates of the Kinetic-Molecular Theory of Gases:
The temperature of a gas, in Kelvin, is directly proportional to the average kinetic energy of the particle.
If temperature doubles =
Kinetic energy doubles + move slower when temp lowers
At samne temperature, lighter gas particles will have…
greater speed than a heavier gas particle
4/5 Postulates of the Kinetic-Molecular Theory of Gases:
There are no forces of attraction between gas particles (distance too great)
5/5 Postulates of the Kinetic-Molecular Theory of Gases:
The valume of individual gass particles in nearly 0 RESULT: gases are mostly empty space
The kinetic-Molecular Theory og Gases applies to…..
ideal gases
Gases deviate the most from the ideal gas when…
pressure is high or when temp is low
Expansion:
• gases do not have a definite shape or a definite volume. (completely fill container) • Gases move rapidly in a directions w/o any significant attraction btwn particles
Fluidity:
forces btwn gas particles are so insignificant that they move about freely
Density:
since gases are spaces so far apart, the density of gases is about 1/1000 the density of the same gas in a liquid/solid state `
Compressibility:
gases are easily compressed bc a gas is mostly empty space