Topic 5 - Forces
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What are scalar quantities?
Scalar quantities only have a magnitude (size).
What are vector quantities?
Vector quantities have a magnitude and a direction.
What is the difference between speed and velocity?
Speed is a scalar quantity, so it only has a magnitude. Velocity is a vector quantity, so it has a magnitude and and a direction.
What is the equation for speed?
Speed = distance / time - s = d/t - m/s = m / s
What is the unit for speed?
metres per second - m/s
What does the calculations of speed assume?
It assumes the speed is constant.
Give examples of vector quantities?
Acceleration, force, displacement and velocity.
Give examples of scalar quantities?
Temperature, mass, energy, distance and speed.
What is the equation for acceleration?
Acceleration = change in velocity / time - a = Δv / t - m/s^2 = Δv / seconds
What is the unit for acceleration?
metres per second squared - m/s^2
How do we work out the resultant force?
We use Pythagoras’ Theorem.
What is the unit for the resultant force?
Newtons - n
What is displacement?
Displacement is the distance an object moves in a straight line from a starting point to a finishing point.
Is displacement a scalar or vector quantity?
Displacement is a vector quantity as it contains a direction and a magnitude.
What is distance?
Distance is how far an object moves.
Is distance a scalar or vector quantity?
Distance is a scalar quantity as it contains a magnitude but not a direction.
What is a force?
A force is a push or pull that changes an objects motion.
What are the two forces?
Contact forces and non-contact forces.
What are contact forces?
Contact forces are forces that act between two objects that are physically touching.
What are non-contact forces?
Non-contact forces happen when objects are separated.
What are examples of contact forces?
Friction, air resistance, tension and normal contact force.
What are examples of non-contact forces?
Gravitational force, electrostatic force and magnetic force.
What is an interaction pair?
An interaction pair is a set of 2 forces that are equal and opposite, acting on 2 interacting objects.
What is air resistance?
Air resistance comes about when an object moves through air and collides with molecules. This creates a force that slows the object down.