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a statement suggesting that something is true all of the time when it is only true some of the time

an individual’s point of view or belief which is not necessarily shared by others or supported by evidence

something which can be verified/proven and is true/accurate

statement, view or decision about what is right, wrong or important, morally and/or ethically, based on a particular set of standards, principles or beliefs

a tendency or prejudice for or against something; unbalanced approach not prepared to consider counterarguments or other points of view

a personal reason for involvement or interest, especially an expectation of a financial or other gain

statement about the future or what will happen in times to come or following on from now/the present

idea or conclusion reached based on evidence and reasoning

Interviews of relevant experts Observation Review of secondary sources/literature/research/documents Internet and media search Questionnaires Surveys Case studies

Compare statistics/information on the global issue Individual testimony or personal experience Material from pressure groups/charities/governments/international organisations Primary and secondary research data and information Quantitative and qualitative research data and information Research reports

Logic Structure Balance Claims

Tone – emotive, exaggerated, precise, measured Clarity

Range of information and depth Relevance Sufficiency Sample size Source – media; internet Date – how recent Different types of information – fact, opinion, value, anecdote Testimony – from experience and expert

Local interest Economic Personal values Experience

Reference to scale of impact Reference to different consequences and implications for individuals / different groups / government How long it might take to make a difference Barriers to change The role of vested interests and power differences Potential conflicts of interest Difficulties in planning and coordinating improvements Cost and access to resources to implement change