Topic 3 - Variation
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What are pedigree charts used for?
Scientists use these to show genetic disorders are inherited in a family, they can then use this to work out the probability that someone in the family will inherit a condition
What’s a polygenic characteristic?
A characteristic influenced by two or more genes
What is variation?
A difference in characteristics between organisms
What causes genetic variation?
• Different alleles inherited during sexual reproduction • mutations
Give 3 examples of genetic variation?
• Natural hair colour • eye colour • blood group
What is discontinuous variation?
That data that can only be a limited set of values and nothing in between eg. Eye colour can be one colour or another nothing in between
What is continuous variation?
Data that can be any value in a range (height or mass)
Name 3 human phenotypes caused by genetic variation
• natural hair colour • eye colour • blood group
Name 3 human phenotypes caused by the environment
• scars • tattoos • accents
Name 2 factors affected by both the environment and genetic variation
• skin colour (can be tanned) • weight (availability of food)