Intro to Anesthesia

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Total cards: 24•Content version: v4•Public deck•Updated: 8/1/2026

Card preview (24)

Front (Question)

Types of anesthesia

Back (Answer)

General anesthesia Monitored anesthesia Care “MAC” Regional anesthesia Local anesthesia

Front (Question)

Ideal anesthetic Techniques

Back (Answer)

oOptimal patient safety oPatient satisfaction oExcellent operating condition for surgeon oAllows rapid recovery oAvoid postoperative side effects oLow cost oEarly transfer or discharge from PACU (cost)

Front (Question)

Considerations that influence the choice of anesthetic/technique

Back (Answer)

oPatient safety oPatient comfort oPreference oCoexisting disease oSurgical site oPositioning oElective vs emergency airway oDuration of surgery oPatient age oRecovery time oPost anesthesia care unit discharge criteria

Front (Question)

drug-induced depression of the CNS resulting in the loss of response to and perception of all external stimuli SA continuum of sedation: a drug-induced loss of consciousness during which patients are not arousable, even by painful stimulation

Back (Answer)

General anesthesia

Front (Question)

Components of anesthetic

Back (Answer)

oUnconsciousness oAmnesia oAnalgesia oImmobility oAttenuation of autonomic response to noxious stimuli

Front (Question)

Phases of General Anesthesia

Back (Answer)

Induction Maintenance Emergent

Front (Question)

Candidate for total IV anesthetics

Back (Answer)

patient with severe refractory postop nasuea

Front (Question)

Induction sequence

Back (Answer)

Room set up "SAM TIDE" - suction, airway, machine, tape, IV, drugs, equipment Apply monitors Position patient Baseline vitals Preoxygenate Administer induction agents (eyelid reflex) Mask ventilation \+/- NM blocking agent Airway instrumentation

Front (Question)

ASA standard 5 minimum monitors include…

Back (Answer)

Pulse ox continuously - audible pulse and tone threshold along with clinical observaition and ABG analysis if needed Ventilation - verification of trachea placement of artifical airway through auscultation, chest excursion, and confirmation of expired CO2 (3 breaths), capnography EKG continuously, HR and BP at least every 5 minutes Thermoregulation NM (if NM blockade adminstered assess depth of blockade and degree of recovery) Positioning

#10

Front (Question)

Pre-induction preoxygenation is doen in order to …

Back (Answer)

Denitrogenate patient’s FRC in order to increase safety margin for periods of apnea giving the provider more time before they desaturate

#11

Front (Question)

Methods for pre-induction pre-oxygenation

Back (Answer)

Breath 100% O2 via face mask with normal tidal volume for 3-5 min OR Eight vital capacity breaths with 100% O2

#12

Front (Question)

oAdministering anesthetic drugs (inhaled or IV) to induce a state of anesthesia oInducing a state of unconsciousness

Back (Answer)

Induction

#13

Front (Question)

Desirable properties for induction agents

Back (Answer)

Rapid and smooth onset of recovery Analgesia Minimal cardiac and respiratory depression Antiemetic actions Lack of toxicity or histamine release Advantages pharmacokinets and pharmaceutics

#14

Front (Question)

Intravenous injection of an anesthetic to produce unconsciousness followed immediately by a neuromuscular blocking drug that produces a rapid onset of skeletal muscle paralysis

Back (Answer)

Rapid sequence induction

#15

Front (Question)

Situations that warrant a rapid sequence induction

Back (Answer)

Full stomach or risk of aspiration such as trauma patients, those with comorbidities such as DM and gastroparesis or achalasia

#16

Front (Question)

Main difference between standard induction and RSI

Back (Answer)

NO VENTILATION

#17

Front (Question)

Perform induction and ventilation, use standard induction without paralytics with this type of airway

Back (Answer)

Laryngeal mask airway (LMA)

#18

Front (Question)

Where does LMA sit

Back (Answer)

posterior pharynx and larynx and creates a seal around laryngeal opening, DOES NOT go past vocal cords

#19

Front (Question)

Most common method for inducing children in North America, scheduled for elective case

Back (Answer)

Inhalation induction

#20

Front (Question)

Agents used in inhalation induction

Back (Answer)

+/- 70% nitrous and 30% oxygen Can have oxygen + nitrous +sevo OR can have just sevo + oxygen

#21

Front (Question)

Steps for inhalation induction

Back (Answer)

Prime circuit Monitors (primarily pulse ox) Mask application Loss of consciousness Ventilation PIV placement Airway instrumentation (LMA/ETT) Verify placement

#22

Front (Question)

Maintenance goals

Back (Answer)

Maintain surgical anesthesia Maintain physiological homeostasis Monitoring is needed to ensure these goals are met

#23

Front (Question)

Maintenance phase provides

Back (Answer)

Unconsciousness, amnesia, analgesia, immobility, muscle relaxation, and control of system response to noxious stimuli

#24

Front (Question)

During maintenance phase the BP must be maintained

Back (Answer)

within 20% of baseline