Biochemistry
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What charge is the N-terminus?
Positively charged
What charge is the C-terminus?
Negatively charged
What is defined as the start of the protein molecule?
The N-terminus
What is the meaning of a zwitterion?
Has one of each charge but no net charge
How much more common is trans than cis?
1000x
Why is a peptide bond rigid?
Because it has a partial double bond character
Which isomers are found in proteins?
L-isomers
How can proteins propagate disease?
Two beta sheets can stick together
Which protein is missing in cystic fibrosis?
Cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator protein
Which protein is missing in muscular dystrophy?
Dystrophin
Which protein is missing in phenylketonuria?
Phenylalanine hydroxylase
Which protein is missing from haemophilia?
Blood clotting ’factor’ proteins
Which protein is missing in cancer?
Tumour suppressor genes
Which protein is missing in type 1 diabetes?
Destruction of insulin producing cells needs insulin replacement therapy
Name some structural proteins?
Silk-beta pleated sheet design A-keratin Collagen
What is the largest protein known?
Titin
What are the two structural groups of proteins?
Fibrous and globular
Name 2 neuraminidase inhibitors
Tamiflu and relenza
What does neuraminidase do?
Removes neuraminidase acid residues from the surface of host cells to ease the release stage of the virus life cycle
What is the equilibrium constant?
The concentration of products over reactants
What is proximity?
Substrate molecules close together
What is orientation?
Substrates have correct relative orientation
What is strain/distortion?
Binding puts strain on bond making it easier for reaction to occur
What is the turnover number?
The number of substrate molecules that can be converted to product by 1 enzyme molecule in 1 second