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Features of the Earth’s surface in a particular region, including landforms with varying elevations Topography describes the physical features of a landscape.

Describes the balance of the weights of rock, water, and ice with the upward force of the mantle Isostasy is a key concept in understanding the Earth’s crust and its equilibrium.

The tectonic process that geologists believe resulted in the formation of mountains Orogeny involves the processes of mountain building through tectonic forces.

• Actual height: Height from local terrain to peak • Elevation: Height from sea level to peak These terms are used to describe the height of landforms in different contexts.

The nature of surrounding land, topography Terrain can influence various environmental and geological processes.

Found in mountainous areas High relief areas are characterized by significant elevation differences.

Found in plains and plateaus Low relief areas have minimal elevation changes compared to high relief areas.

Series of mountain peaks in the same geographic area An example is the Cascade Range in British Columbia.

Mountain ranges connected over a much larger area An example is the Himalaya-Karakoram system in India and Pakistan.

16 or more This region is known for its extreme elevations and significant mountain peaks.