Science 20 Bio
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Commensalism
One benefits other is unharmed
Parasitism
One benefits other is harmed
Mutualism
Both organisms benefit
What is a pioneer species
The pioneer species is the initial species to appear during succession
Invasive species
Not native to environment and can be harmful
Primary succession
No soil present after disturbance, may been caused by a wipeout
Secondary succession
Soil present after a disturbance. Usually cause by a natural disaster
Biotic potential
The ability for a species to increase under ideal conditions Brith potential: max number of off spring Capacity of survival: number of off spring that will live to reproduce Breeding frequency: number of times a species can reproduce in a year Length of reproduction: how long an organism is able to produce off spring Capacity
Factors that affect biotic potential
Light,lack of space,food availability etc
Why do predator and prey vary
When there is more prey the predator increases and over time the prey decreases because the predator is eating all the prey then when there is very few to no prey the predator starts decreasing because no food and then the prey will grow again
Nitrification
Nitrifying bacteria in the soil convert NH3/NH4 into No2 nitrites and No3 nitrate which plants use
Nitrogen fixation
Bacteria on plants or bacteria in the soil take nitrogen(N2) from the atmosphere and convert it into ammonia(NH3
Ammonification
When plants and animals die,decomposers return ammonia to the soil. It can be used again and again
Photosynthesis and respiration
Plants take Co2 from the atmosphere and organisms releasing respiration. photosynthesis fits into the carbon cycle because carbon dioxide is pulled from the air to produce food made for plant growth
Carbon reservoirs
1.ocean 2.atmosphere 3.on land organisms 4. Underground fossil fuels
Condensation
Vapor to liquid ex:clouds
Decaying organisms
Over long periods of time the decomposition pressure and heat will generate fossil fuels
Emissions of fossil fuel
The burning of fossil fuel emits Co2 back into the atmosphere
Evaporation
Liquid to vapor
Run off
Precipitation falls on to land and runs into bodies of water
Precipitation
Rain,snow, sleet,hail
Transpiration
Plants
Green house effect
The greenhouse effect is a process that occurs when gases in Earth’s atmosphere trap the Sun’s heat. This process makes Earth much warmer than it would be without an atmosphere
Albedo effect
How much light is reflected back from a surface. A surface with high albedo means a lot of light is reflected (light surfaces) while low albedo mean that light is absorbed and then re admitted as thermal energy (dark surfaces)