Female Reproductive System Anatomy
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What is the site of oogenesis and steroidogenesis?
Ovary
What is the site of fertilization?
Oviduct
What is the powerful smooth muscle sphincter?
Cervix
What is the external genitalia that is the vestibule for entry to the vagina?
Vulva
What is the site for delivery of sperm?
Vagina
What is the site for the developing fetus?
Uterine body
How are the ovaries organized?
Typically paired
What are the ovaries invested/covered in?
A dense connective tissue capsule called the tunica albuginea
In what way do the ovaries vary?
Their size varies considerably between species and there is variation within a species sometimes
What is the most vascular part of the ovary?
Medulla
What does the cortex of the ovary consist of?
Dense, irregular connective tissue that is interspersed with follicles
What is contained in the cortex of the ovary and what role do they play?
Interstitial cells which aide in endocrine function
What is the primary organ of female reproduction?
Ovary
What is significant about the number of oocytes in an individual?
Thousands are present at birth but only some will develop into a mature ova
What are the two main functions of the follicle?
Contains the egg (oocyte, ovum, etc.) and produces estrogen
What are the 5 types of follicle?
1.) Primordial 2.) Primary 3.) Secondary 4.) Tertiary 5.) Atretic
What type of follicle do most end up becoming and what does this mean?
Atretic, which represents regression into atresia instead of ovulation
When are the primary follicles made?
Before birth
What happens at the secondary and tertiary follicles?
Differentiation
What distinguishes a secondary follicle from a tertiary follicle?
The presence of an antrum, which is encased in a tissue developed from theca cells
What does the corpeus luteum develop from and what is its main function?
Develops from cells of an ovulated follicle Produces progesterone
What are other names for the uterine tubes?
Oviducts and Fallopian Tubes
What are the uterine tubes/oviducts?
Paired tubes that transport ova from the ovary to the horn
What is the portion of the uterine tube adjacent to the ovary?
Infundibulum