organic reactions summary

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Total cards: 24•Content version: v4•Public deck•Updated: 8/1/2026

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Front (Question)

reagents, conditions, mechanism for alkane to halogenoalkane?

Back (Answer)

• Br2 or Cl2 • UV light • free radical substitution

Front (Question)

conditions for thermal cracking?

Back (Answer)

• temp of 450-900 degrees celsius • pressure of 70 atm

Front (Question)

conditions for catalytic cracking?

Back (Answer)

• temp of 400 degress celsius • slight pressure of 1-2 atm • zeolite catalyst

Front (Question)

reagents, conditions, mechanism for halogenoalkane to alcohol?

Back (Answer)

• sodium hydroxide • aqueous solution, warm • nuceleophilic substitution

Front (Question)

reagents, conditions, mechanism for dihalogenoalkane to diol?

Back (Answer)

• aqueous NaOH • heat under reflux • nucelophilic substitution

Front (Question)

reagents, conditions, mechanism for halogenoalkane to alkene ?

Back (Answer)

• sodium hydroxide • ethanol • elimination

Front (Question)

reagents, conditions, mechanism for halogenoalkane to nitrile?

Back (Answer)

• KCN • aqueous ethanolic, heat under reflux • nucleophilic substitution

Front (Question)

reagents, conditions, mechanism for halogenoalkane to primary amine?

Back (Answer)

• alcoholic NH3 • heat under pressure in sealed vessel • nucleophilic substitution

Front (Question)

reagents, conditions, mechanism for alkene to halogenoalkane?

Back (Answer)

• HBr or HCl • room temperature • electrophilic addition

#10

Front (Question)

reagents, conditions, mechanism for alkene to dihalogenoalkane?

Back (Answer)

• Br2 or Cl2 • room temp • electrophilic addition

#11

Front (Question)

conditions and mechanism for alkene to (poly)alkene?

Back (Answer)

• high temperature, high pressure, catalyst • addition polymerisation

#12

Front (Question)

conditions and 2 stages for alkene to alcohol (industrial alcohol production)?

Back (Answer)

• acid catalyst, temp of 300 degrees celsius, pressure of 60 atm • stage 1 - electrophilic addition with H2SO4/H3PO4 • stage 2 - warm with H2O, hydrolysis (H2SO4 catalyst regenerated)

#13

Front (Question)

conditions for ethanol production (fermnetation of glucose)?

Back (Answer)

• anaerobic • temp of 40 degrees • in solution

#14

Front (Question)

reagents, conditions, mechanism for primary alcohol to aldehyde?

Back (Answer)

• acidified potassium dichromate (VI) • excess alcohol, warm gently and distil aldehyde as it forms • partial oxidation

#15

Front (Question)

reagents, conditions, mechanism for primary alcohol to carboxylic acid?

Back (Answer)

• acidified potassium dichromate (VI) solution • excess acidified potassium dichromate (VI) solution, heat under reflux • oxidation

#16

Front (Question)

reagents, conditions, mechanism for aldehydes to carboxylic acids?

Back (Answer)

• acidified potassium dichromate (VI) solution • excess oxidising agent, heat under reflux • oxidation

#17

Front (Question)

reagents, conditions, mechanism for secondary alcohol to ketone?

Back (Answer)

• acidified potassium dichromate (VI) solution • heat under reflux • oxidation

#18

Front (Question)

reagents, conditions, mechanism for aldehydes/ketones to primary/secondary alcohol?

Back (Answer)

• NaBH4 in aqueous ethanol • room temperature and pressure • nucleophilic addition (reduction)

#19

Front (Question)

reagents, conditions, mechanism for aldehyde/ketone to hydroxynitrile?

Back (Answer)

• potassium cyanide and dilute sulfuric acid • room temperature and pressure • nucleophilic addition

#20

Front (Question)

reagents, conditions, mechanism for alcohol to ester?

Back (Answer)

• carboxylic acid and H2SO4 catalyst • heat • esterification

#21

Front (Question)

reagents, conditions, mechanism for carboxylic acid to ester?

Back (Answer)

• alcohol and H2SO4 catalyst • heat • esterification

#22

Front (Question)

conditions for forming esters?

Back (Answer)

carboxylic acid and alcohol in prescence of acid catalyst

#23

Front (Question)

reagents for hydrolysing esters?

Back (Answer)

aqueous NaOH or acids

#24

Front (Question)

conditions for forming soap (hydrolyse veg oils/animal fats)?

Back (Answer)

heat with concentrated NaOH under reflux