Chapter 4 Lipids
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a family of compounds that includes triglycerides (fats and oils), phospholipids, and sterols. Characterized by their insolubility in water.
lipids
lipids that are solid at room temperature (70 degree F or 21 degrees C)
fats
lipids that are liquid at room temperature (70 F or 21 C)
oils
the body’s fat, which consists of masses of fat-storing cells called adipose cells.
adipose tissue
acidic, water-soluble compounds produced by the liver during the breakdown of fat when carbohydrates is not available
ketones (technically known as ketone bodies)
one of the main classes of lipids; the chief form of fat in foods and the major storage form of fat in the body composed of glycerol with three fatty acids attached
triglycerides
tri =
three
a compound of glycerol
glyceride
organic compounds composed of a chain of carbon atoms with hydrogen atoms attached and an acid group at one end
fatty acids
an organic compound, three carbons long that can form the backbone of triglycerides and phospholipids
glycerol
fat is a member of what class of compounds
lipids
performs many task in the body but most importantly, they provide energy
lipids
The body’s capacity to store fat for energy is virtually unlimited due to the fat storing cells of
adipose tissue
tissue that readily take up and store fat, growing in size as they do
adipose tissue
are storage depots, secrete hormones that help to regulate appetite and influence other bodily functions
fat cells
the fat stored in cells supply what percent of the body’s ongoing energy needs during rest
60%
What is the function of the fat embedded in muscle
shares with muscle glycogen the task of providing energy when the muscles are active
What may fat do during some types of physical activity or prolonged periods of food deprivation
fat stores may make an even greater energy contribution.
what happens after a long period of glucose deprivation (during fasting or starving
brain and nerve cells develop the ability to derive about half of their energy from a special form of fat know as ketones, but still require glucose as well
people wanting to lose weight need to do what even they are limiting their food intakes
eat a certain amount of carbohydrates to meet their energy needs
the function of fat as far as storing energy
fats are the body’s chief form of stored energy
the function of fat with muscles
fat provides muscle fuel. it also provide much of the energy to fuel muscular work
the function of fat in padding
fat pads inside the body cavity protect the internal organs from shock
the function of fat in insulation
fats insulate against temperature extremes by form in a fat layer under the skin