Finalsss

Refers to the class of organic compounds that contain benzene-like, six-membered rings with 3 double bonds.

Benzene Molecular Formula

Properties of Aromatic

electron poor, has a positive charge and electron lovers

electron rich, has a negative charge

Compounds containing halogen bonded to a saturated sp3-hybridized carbon atom

Synthesis of alkyl halides from alcohols

Formation and protonation of Grignard reagents

Alkyl halides react with Magnesium metal in ether solvent to yield organomagnesium halides.

The entering nucleophile attacks the substrate from a direction 180º away from the leaving group, resulting in an umbrella-like inversion of configuration at the C atom.

 Base abstracts a proton at the same time that the leaving group departs.

the substrates spontaneously dissociates to form a carbocation, which can subsequently lose H+ from a neighboring carbon

: far higher than alkyl halide and alkanes with the same molecular wt.

far higher than other aromatic hydrocarbons o = Because of hydrogen bonding

Reduction of Aldehydes to Give

Reduction of Ketones to Give

Reduction of Esters to Give

Reduction of Carboxylic Acids to Give

Dehydration to Give

Oxidation to Give

Synthesis of Ethers

Reaction of ethers

Production of carbonyls

Common oxidizing reagent