exam 2.2
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Which of the following is an allosteric [REDACTED] of [REDACTED]? regulator of glycolysis 6
-at rest its inhibited -Glucagon inhibits -G6P inhibits hexokinase, -ATP, citrate, low pH inhibits PFK -ATP and alanine inhibits pyruvate kinase, induced by high carbohydrate intake, F16BP and insulin. -AMP and Fructose 2,6 bisphosphate positively allosterically activates PFK
Which of the following is an allosteric [REDACTED] of [REDACTED]? regulation of gluconeogenesis 4
-acetyl CoA positively allosterically regulated pyruvate carboxylase - AMP and Fructose 2,6 bisphosphate inhibit F16 bisphosphatase -Glucagon increases, Insulin inhibits -Also genetic control on PEP CK
Which of the following is an allosteric [REDACTED] of [REDACTED]? regulation of tca 5
-presence of acetyl units is key -Respiration of NADH and FADH2, since the dehydrogenases need NAD+ -Pyruvate Dehydrogenase is inhibited by its product acetyl coa and NADH, also inhibited when phosphorylated -isocitrate dehydrogenase inhibited by ATP and NADH, stimulated by ADP/AMP, requires Mn or Mg -succinate dehydrogenase is inhibited by oxaloacetate ( malonate competitively), it is activated by ATP, Pi and succinate
Which of the following is an allosteric [REDACTED] of [REDACTED]? regulation of ETC 2
-Requires oxygen -Requires NADH and FAD
As a pediatrician you are diagnosing an infant. The infant has hepatomegaly. Blood work shows significantly reduced levels of glucose and a blood pH that is low and threatening acidosis. Growth rate seems fine, but the child is just not thriving. In order to control the hypoglycemia, what should be done?
If the child has l Von Gierke Disease —> Diet supplementation with starch
What protection does the feedback regulation of hexokinase offer the cell? 2
prevents depletion of inorganic phosphate (Pi) and prevents unnecessary depletion of total glucose–bc Glucose 6 phosphate (G6P) is unable to be exported from the cell.
If cell charge (ATP/AMP) is [REDACTED] in muscle cells, what is the effect on the glycolysis pathway in those cells? if cell charge is low – 2 if cell charge is high – 3
If cell charge is low - glycolysis is stimulated –> phosphofructokinase and pyruvate kinase activity increases If cell charge is high - glycolysis is inhibited –> hexokinase, phosphofructokinase, and pyruvate kinase activity decreases
Which of the following is an enzyme that is freely reversible in glycolysis? 3
All glycolytic enzymes are reversible except for Hexokinase, Phosphofructokinase, and pyruvate kinase.
Determine if the statement below is correct or incorrect. If the statement is incorrect, determine which clause (A or B or both) has an error. (A) In [REDACTED] deficiency, the Na+ / K+ pumps do not have enough ATP to continuously function; (B) this is why [REDACTED] lyse frequently. pyruvate kinase def. red blood cells
In pyruvate kinase deficiency, the Na+ / K+ pumps do not have enough ATP to continuously function. This is why red blood cells lyse.
A patient presents with a fever and an accompanying bacterial infection. The patient reports no allergies to any medications. Metabolite analysis reveals a below physiological- normal amount of Ribulose-5-phosphate. Which of the following medications would be risky to administer to the patient? (Select all that apply) 4
Antimalarials Antipyretics (like acetaminophen) Sulfa antibiotics nitrogen based antibiotics
Oxidative damage can be repaired by [REDACTED]. What is needed to restore [REDACTED]? glutathione
Oxidative damage can be repaired by glutathione. NADPH