Scientific Communication

Visual representation of data which compares values in different categories

A visual representation of data which compares frequencies of different numerical intervals

A visual representation of data which shows change over time or in response to a manipulated variable

Type of non-experimental investigation in which the researcher may study two variables, but does not control the rest of the conditions of the study

Deviation or variation of a value from the correct or expected value to allow for error in equipment or calculations

A research method in which conditions are not carefully controlled; the scientist may study an independent and/or dependent variable, but does not control the other factors in the investigation

A group of specimens in an experiment to which a change is made; receives the experimental treatment

Type of non-experimental investigation in which the researcher studies the effects of an independent variable, but chooses experimental groups rather than assigning them randomly

A plot that splits each data value into a “leaf” (usually the last digit) and a “stem” (the other digits). stemplots are used for smaller sets of quantitative data. You can easily identify outliers, data clusters, or gaps on a stemplot

Type of non-experimental investigation in which the researcher makes observations before and after the application of a treatment or question

Researchers assign subjects in the sample to certain treatments, then observe the effects of the treatment. Can show causation (cause-and-effect)

A group of specimens in an experiment to which no change is made; does not receive the experimental treatment

The downward curve on the surface of a liquid caused by the adhesion of the liquid on the glassware

Factors affecting the outcome of an experimental investigation

To set a balance equal to zero to ensure an accurate measurement with no cantaminants

A graphing which is circle is divided into sectors that each represent a proportion of the hole. Pie charts are helpful when displaying the relative distribution of categories

A graph that uses dots to show the frequency counts of a group of data. Dot plots are used for small sets of quantitative data. You can easily identify the mode, the shape or skew of the graph, and potential outliers on a dot plot

A visual representation of data which compares values in different categories and group

Data which is measured and usually expressed numerically

Data which is described rather than measured

A variable that is manipulated by the scientist conducting the experiment to see if that cause a change

A variable that is kept stable throughout the experiment, across control and experimental groups, to ensure that any difference in the dependent variable is because of the independent variable

A variable that is measured by the scientist conducting the experiment

A data point either much larger than or much smaller than the other data points in the set