Impact of Exercise and Effects or WU & CD

• Increase production of synovial fluid which decreases the impact and increases the ROM

-Improve bone density (Increased calcium/collagen/reduce risk of osteoporosis)​ Increase strength of ligaments (associated joints)​ Increased stability/stronger joints​ Stronger ligaments/tendons​ Prevents sprains/dislocations​ -Reduced risk of (osteo)arthritis​ —–Exercise thickens (articular/hyaline) cartilage​ ——Which covers the ends of adjacent bones​ ——More/improved synovial fluid produced​ ——-Reduces friction/wear and tear at joints​ ——–Joints better able to absorb shock​ ———Most common in weight-bearing joints/knee/hip/ankle​ -Improved posture​ ——–Increased strength of core stability muscles​ ——–Reduces likelihood of lower back pain/ spine curvature​ ——Named back problems e.g. sciatica, scoliosis​ -Weight management​ ———Maintain a balanced active healthy lifestyle​ ———-Prevent sedentary lifestyle (leading to e.g. osteoporosis)

-Acute/impact injuries’ ——contact sports—»> fractures/dislocations/torn cartilage

-Increased risk of (osteo)arthritis​ —–Overuse/poor technique can cause wear and tear/ loss of (articular/hyaline) cartilage​ —–Reduced production of synovial fluid​ ——-Friction between bone surfaces​ ——–Formation of bone spurs​ ———High impact activities/repetitive actions are risk factor​ ———Weight bearing joints e.g. knee/hip/ankle​ -Chronic/overuse injuries​ ——–Repetitive actions cause damage​ ———Tendonitis injuries e.g. tennis/golfers elbow​ ———-Stress fractures e.g. shin splints​ ———E.g. Osgood Schlatter’s disease/bursitis​ -Acute/impact injuries​ ——-Can lead to arthritis in later life​ ———Can lead to sedentary lifestyle during recovery or to avoid repeat injury

Accentuate the positive and reduce the negative​ Increased production of synovial fluid (Reduce friction, ROM)

Return ligaments/muscles to pre-exercise length – stabilize joints​