Nucleic Acids
No description yet. This curated deck is ready for daily study.
Card preview (24)
what are the components of nucleotides
phosphate group Pentose sugar nitrogenous base
which bases are pyrimidine
thymine cytosine urasil
which bases are purine
adenine guanine
what does DNA stand for
deoxyribonucleic acid
what are the functions of DNA
carries the genetic code for protein synthesis replicates in dividing cells
the two DNA strands are said to be what
antiparallel
what are base pairs held together by
hydrogen bonds
how many hydrogen bonds does G and C have
3
how many hydrogen bonds does A and T have
2
what phase does DNA replication take place in
interphase
conservative replication theory
the parent DNA remains unchanged and is copied by the cell creating a new daughter molecule
semi conservative replication theory
the parent DNA separates into 2 strands. Each strand acts as a template for a new complementary strand. The daughter molecules therefore have one strand of original DNA and one strand of newly synthesised DNA
dispersive replication theory
the parent DNA breaks into double stranded segments which are copied using new nucleotides.
RNA stand for
ribonucleic acid
mRNA function
carries genetic code for specific protein from DNA in nucleus to ribosomes in the cytoplasm
tRNA
transfers specific amino acids to the ribosome
rRNA
forms a ribosome. Ribosomes translate the genetic code and join amino acids together to form polypeptides
what replaces thymine in RNA
urasil
how many possible genetic codes are there
64
what does the sequence of bases determine
the sequence of amino acids
what is a gene
a section of DNA that codes for a specific polypeptide
what is a triplet code
3 bases that encode each amino acid
why are there more triplet codes that amino acids
each amino acids has more than one code so the code is degenerate some triplets do not code for amino acids, these are stop codons which mark the end of translation
name the components of ATP
3 phosphate groups ribose sugar Adenine base