polymer 3.3.12 in papers 2 + 3
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how are the properties of PVC modified when DIBP (plasticiser) is added?
makes PVC more flexible
what is a polymer?
a long chain molecule made from very small molecules called monomers
why are polyalkenes unreactive?
• bonds are usually non-polar • these polymers contain very strong covalent bonds
what are issues associated with the disposal of polymers?
• toxic products of combustion • non-biodegradeable
how can environmental issues of polymers be overcome?
• create biodegradeable polymers • use for cracking • use in power stations using efficient incinerations • burn and use scrubbers
when are addition polymers formed?
when small molecules called monomers react and join together without the loss of a smaller molecule to form a larger one called a polymer
what reactions between molecules produces condensation polymers?
• dicarboxylic acids and diols • dicarboxylic acids and diamines • amino acids.
describe the biodegradeability of condensation polymers like polyamides and polyesters?
• they break down naturally overtime • biodegradeable because they are polar • can be broken down through hydroylsis
what monomers make nylon 6,6?
• 1,6-diaminohexane • hexane-1,6-dioic acid
what monomers make kevlar?
• 1,4-diaminobenzene • benzene-1,4-dicarboxylic acid
what monomers make terylene?
• ethane-1,2-diol • benzen-1,4-dicarboxylic acid
why cant polyalkenes be hydrolysed?
they contain non-polar C-C bonds
what are the properties of polyalkenes?
• inert • non-biodegradeable