Hydrocarbons and Alchahols
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What does it mean if a hydrocarbon is unsaturated?
The compound has carbon to carbon double bonds
What does it mean if a hydrocarbon is saturated?
The compound has carbon single bonds
What is the test to see if a liquid is unsaturated?
orange - colourless
What is an isomer?
compounds with the same mollecular formula, diffrent structural formula
What is a homologous series?
family of compounds with the same general formula but similar chemical properties
What is the first member of the alkanes?
methane
What is the first member of the alkenes?
ethene
What is the first member of the cycloalkanes?
cyclopropene
What is the general formula for Alkanes?
C2H2n+2
What is the general formula for alkenes?
CnH2n
What is the general formula for cycloalkanes?
CnH2n
what groups are isomers?
Alkenes + Cycloalkanes
What is the general formula for cycloalkenes
CnH2n-2
What is an exothermic reaction
when heat EXITS (gets released) into it’s surroundings
What is an endothermic reaction
when heat is taken in from surroundings
How can you improve the “energy released” experiment?
use a drought shield to prevent heat loss have a good supply of oxygen to prevent incomplete combustions
What does the E in E=CM∆T stand for
Energy Released
What does the C in E=CM∆T stand for
4.18kj kg-1 ℃-1
What does the M in E=CM∆T stand for
Mass of Water
What MUST you do to the mass when calculating E=CM∆T
convert to litres
Alkene + water =
Alchohols
What are the 3 addition reactions
Bromination Hydrogenation Hydration
What is the function group of alchohols
hydroxyl group
What is the function group of carboxylic acids
carboxyl group