Week 1

Thiomargarita namibienisis - found in the ocean, unharmful

Thermophile Membrane is adapted to remain fluid at increased temperature, Enzyme structure adaptation to prevent denaturing, Proteins fold different to withstand extreme temperatures

• PCR • Biofuels • Biomining • Carotenoid production (uses halophiles) • Detergents

Thermus aquaticus (Used as a heat resistant enzyme, Taq DNA polymerase)

Pili Nucleoid Ribosomes Plasma Membrane Cell Wall Capsule Flagella Cytoplasm (Classified by shape)

Contains circular DNA, no nuclear membrane

Cocci Bacilli Spirochetes

Has the same basic structure of all biological membranes Some prokaryotes have infoldings of the plasma membrane which contain specialised enzymes that perform specific functions (eg cyanobacteria have thylakoids)

Movement by a rotatory motor Oxidises ATP by pumping H+ out of the cell, generating a gradient, diffusion of these H+ back into the cell, turs the Hook which causes filament to turn and propel​

Producers - make own food - pants, algae, bacteria

Consumers - consume producers/consumers - mammals

Use light

Use molecules/compounds

Photoautotrophs and chemoheterotrophs

Chemoautotrophs, chemoheterotrophs, photoautotrophs and photoheterotrophs

Hyperacidophile Acidophile Neutrophile Alkaliphile Hyperalkaliphile

Psychrophile Mesophile Thermophile Hyperthermophile

Non-halophile Halotolerant Halophile Extreme halophile

Barotolerant Barophile Hyperbarophile

Xerophile

An archaea/extremophile with tolerance or preference to multiple parameters combined

Contains ribosomes and little else

Some prokaryotes have flagella which is composed of the protein flagellin

Composed of the protein Pilin and help bacterial stick to their substrate or to each other. They extend to attach onto other bacteria and stick together bacteria and conjugate, sharing genetic material