Exam II Acid/Base Balance, Electrolytes, Osmometer

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Total cards: 24•Content version: v4•Public deck•Updated: 8/1/2026

Card preview (24)

Front (Question)

Major intracellular cation Normal value

Back (Answer)

Potassium 3.5-5.0 mM/L

Front (Question)

Major extracellular cation Normal Value

Back (Answer)

Sodium 136-145 mM/L

Front (Question)

Major extracellular anion Normal Value

Back (Answer)

Chloride 90-109 mM/L

Front (Question)

What is the endpoint of mercurimetric chloride assay?

Back (Answer)

when excess Hg2+ forms a complex with an indicator like dyphenylcarbazon, producing a violet-blue color

Front (Question)

What two cations are most likely to be ordered to determine the cause of cardiac tetany?

Back (Answer)

calcium magnesium

Front (Question)

calculate anion gap. be able to correlate abnormal anion gaps with other test results (such as BUN) or with instrument/tech errors

Back (Answer)

(Na + K)-(Cl + HCO3) = 12-20mmol/L Na - (Cl + HCO3) = 8-18 mmol/L

Front (Question)

What does %saturation refer to? Normal value?

Back (Answer)

%saturation= serumFe/TIBC x 100 20-50%

Front (Question)

What is hypokalemia?

Back (Answer)

low serum potassium caused by dietary intake

Front (Question)

If tetany is due to calcium, what specific fraction of calcium is involved? Will it be increased or decreased?

Back (Answer)

Ionized(free) calcium decreased

#10

Front (Question)

What analyte in the blood is used to measure serum phosphorous? What is the normal value of serum phosphorous?

Back (Answer)

inorganic phosphorous 2.7-4.5 mg%

#11

Front (Question)

Why is it important to measure serum magnesium levels?

Back (Answer)

check for tetany due to magnesium deficiency

#12

Front (Question)

In analyzing calcium by atomic absorption, why is lanthanum added?

Back (Answer)

to prevent interference of phosphate

#13

Front (Question)

Calcium exist in serum as? Which is physiologically active?

Back (Answer)

ionized(free) and protein bound free

#14

Front (Question)

A patient with lactic acid acidosis would have an (increased/decreased) anion gap?

Back (Answer)

increased

#15

Front (Question)

What is the purpose of adding magnesium carbonate to an iron binding capacity?

Back (Answer)

to remove excess unbound iron

#16

Front (Question)

What does TIBC measure?

Back (Answer)

estimates transferrin level in serum

#17

Front (Question)

In what method is phosphate in serum combined with ammonium molybdate to form phosphomolybdate, which is then reduced to aminonapthosulfonic acid which is measured with spectrophotometery?

Back (Answer)

Fiske-Subbarow method for Phosphorus

#18

Front (Question)

Serum calcium and phosphorous have what kind of relationship?

Back (Answer)

reciprocal

#19

Front (Question)

What is the normal serum calcium level?

Back (Answer)

8.4-10.2 mg%

#20

Front (Question)

What would be the expected test results for calcium and phosphorus in hyperparathyroidism?

Back (Answer)

increase calcium decrease phosphorus

#21

Front (Question)

What is the purpose of adding stannous chloride, ferrous sulfate, and ascorbic acid in the determination of inorganic phosphorus?

Back (Answer)

reducing agents *reduces phosphomolybdate to aminonapthosulfonic acid

#22

Front (Question)

Name several things that can affect the level of circulating calcium

Back (Answer)

Vitamin D serum protein levels bone cell activity

#23

Front (Question)

What two hormones control serum calcium levels?

Back (Answer)

PTH and Calcitonin have an antagonistic relationship

#24

Front (Question)

Which electrolyte is the chief plasma base that helps in maintaining osmotic pressure?

Back (Answer)

sodium