C8-Rate Of Reaction-Including 15.5-6-7-8

The rate in which how quickly particles react with eacother

Rate of reaction=amount of reactant used/time Rate of reaction=amount of product formed/time

Change in concentration/time

A solid can be turned into a powder

We can see affecting the surface area increases the rate of reaction as it gives particles more space in order to react.Increasing the amount of collisions within a given time therefore increasing the rate of reaction.

We can see that collision theory is the theory that particles must collide with a greater then energy than the activation and in the correct orientation so we csn see when the surface area is increased it allows for more area in order for particles to react so they are easly able to pass the activation energy,increasing its rate of reaction.

Collision theory states that chemical reactions occur when particles collide with enough energy and in the correct orientation.

G/s or g/min cm^3/s or cm^3/min

The minimum energy particles need in order to complete a succesful reaction.

Surface area/volume

They are either not in the correct orientation or do not have enough energy to surpass the activation energy.

Temperature affects rate of reaction as temperature gives particles enough energy to surpass the activation energy and this temperature allows the particles to react faster leading to more frequent collisions leading to a greater rate of reaction over a certain time.

As concentration increases, particles are closer together, leading to more frequent collisions. This increases the number of successful collisions per unit of time, resulting in a greater rate of reaction.”

If the concentration of a rate is increased, there are more reactant particles for a given volume. There will be more collisions and so the reaction rate is increased. The higher the concentration of reactants, the faster the rate of a reaction will be.

We can see changing pressure affects the rate of reaction as particles collide with a greater energy level the the activation energy due to being closer and reacting faster due to increased pressure.This causes a greater ampunt of reactions in a given time,causing a greater rate of reaction

Faster reaction

Changing pressure has no effect on the rate of reaction for some reactions because pressure only affects gases. In reactions involving solids or liquids, the particles are incompressible, so increasing pressure does not change their concentration or the frequency of collisions.

Decrease volume the gas particles are in. Add more gas particles Increase the energy of the particles so they react faster

A catalyst is a substance which is not used up in a reaction which is used to lower the activation energy.It increases the rate of a chemical reaction

We can see that adding a catalyst alters the rate of reaction by lowering the activation energy in order for particles to react faster and react with the correct energy so they are able to complete succesful reactions.

The variable you keep the same

The variable you change

The variable you measure

Catalysts speed up reactions, saving energy and costs. For example, iron is used in the Haber process to produce ammonia efficiently.”