Group 7 - Halogens
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What are the elements in Group 7 non-metals?
Fluorine (F), Chlorine (Cl), Bromine (Br), Iodine (I)
How does reactivity change in Group 7 non-metals?
Reactivity decreases as you move down the group.
How do melting and boiling points change in Group 7 non-metals?
Melting point and boiling point increase as you move down the group.
What happens to the strength of oxidising agents in Group 7 non-metals?
Strength of oxidising agents decreases as you move down the group.
What type of molecules do Group 7 non-metals form?
They form diatomic molecules (e.g., F2, Cl2, Br2, I2) held by covalent bonds.
What ions do all Group 7 non-metals form?
They all form I- ions.
What types of bonding can Group 7 non-metals engage in?
They can form compounds with ionic or covalent bonding.
Give an example of ionic bonding involving a Group 7 non-metal.
Sodium chloride (NaCl) is an example of ionic bonding with metals.
Give an example of covalent bonding involving a Group 7 non-metal.
Hydrogen chloride gas (HCl) is an example of covalent bonding with non-metals.
What is a characteristic of displacement reactions of halogens?
A halogen can displace a less reactive halogen from a solution of its halide.
What color indicates chlorine displacing bromine and iodine?
Chlorine displacing bromine is seen as red color, and displacing iodine is seen as black color.
What is the reaction of chlorine with potassium iodide?
Cl2 (g) + 2KI(aq) 🡪 I2 (aq) + 2KCl(aq) Pale green to black.
What is the reaction of chlorine with potassium bromide?
Cl2 (g) + 2KBr(aq) 🡪 Br2 (aq) + 2KCl(aq) Pale green to red.
What is the reaction of bromine with potassium iodide?
Br2 (aq) + 2KI(aq) 🡪 I2 (aq) + 2KBr(aq) Red to black.
What happens to the more reactive halogen in displacement reactions?
The more reactive halogen atoms gain an electron and are reduced.
What happens to the less reactive halide ion in displacement reactions?
The less reactive halide ion loses an electron and is oxidised.