Topic 12; Medicinal Chemistry

a chemical that affects how the body works (both positive and adverse) - affects physiological, sensory and emotions of a human

a substance that improves health (beneficial drug); brings around a therapeutic effect

beneficial effect of a medicinal treatment - intended physiological effect

when patients gain therapeutic effect from their belief that they have been given a useful drug even when they have not

drugs containing no active ingredient which ‘fool’ the body into healing

the manner in which drugs are delivered to a patients body

directly under skin surface into fat

directly into blood stream

directly into muscle

unintended physiological effect that ranges from drug to drug and person to person

the amount of a drug used for each dose and frequency of administration relative to patients state

range of doses between minimum amount of drug that produces desired effect that the medically unacceptable adverse effect

reduced response to the drug due to repeated dosage; therefore larger quantities of drug needed for effect

compounds with biological activity that are made and tested

chemically related compounds that are made and tested

required dose to bring about an effect in 50% of the patients

dose required to kill 50% of patients LD/ED= therapeutic index TD; toxic dose used for humans

fraction of administred drug that reaches the target molecule in the body

pain killer; can be strong or weak target at source or pain receptors in brain

chemically produced by a microrganism to have action against another microorganism (bacteria)

a weak base that regulates stomach acidity

• live in a host cell • rapidly mutate and reproduce • don’t have metabolism like a bacteria does • antibiotics dont effect it

• retrovirus; turns RNA into DNA • releases RNA into a cell to create viral DNA to then produce viral particles • destroys helper T cells • mutates rapidly • lies dormant in host cell

• produces antibodies to attack virus - build immunity