Ch. 5

Occurs above limit of tree growth and below permanent snow line on high mountains, and has no permafrost due to seasonal changes, can have wildflowers during the brief summer

Lie south of arctic polar ice cap, with long winters and snow

South of the arctic tundra, with long dry and cold winters, and short warm summers. Trees keep their leaves the entire year.

Found in temperate deciduous forests, survive cold winters by shedding leaves and becoming dormant

Keep leaves yearround in tropical rain forest,

Twig and leaf eating

Found on coastal regions that border deserts because of closeness to body of water provides a slightly longer winter rainy season. Has small trees, infertile soil, long dry and warm summers with a lot of fires

Found in scattered coastal temperate areas, has ample rainfall from ocean, moderate temperatures year round, evergreen trees because of abundance of water, little light reaches the floor

Goni desert, sparse vegetation, cold winters, warm summers, low precipitation

Spruce fir hemlock cedar and pine that keep narrow-pointed small waxy-coated leaves all year long

Hot and wet warm air rises, cools, and releases moisture as previpitation and heat. The cool dry air sinks, gets warmer, picks up moisture, and continues the cycle.

Heated air masses rising above the equator are deflected to the west or east over different parts id the planet’s surface

Mostly in interior of continent that persist due to seasonal drought grazing and occassional fires, and low precipitation and varying temperature

Major surface winds that blow almost continously and distribute air moisture and dust

Has scattered clumps of trees that are covered with thorns to keep herbivores away. Warm year round temperatures, alternating dry and wet seasons, home of humankind.

Found in US, grow rapidly in warm and moist southern climate, have been cleared for pine plantations

No leaves, store water in fleshy tissue, and reduce water loss by opening pores to take CO2 at night. Found in desert, and have spines to protect from herbivores

Grow with moderate average temperature that change significantly with season, have abundant constant precipitation, allows penetration of sunlight, and accumulate humus.

Grass and herb eating

Largest role in mild climate of europe, transports water from south US to Europe.

Heavy rains that affect continents north or south of warm oceans. Heating of land creates low-pressure air masses that draw moisture from ocean, that lead to alternating dry amd wet seasons.

Acidic bogs due to waterlogged soil

Mojave in southern US, high daytime temp in winter, low in winter, more precipitation, sparse vegetation

Interiors of many continents, steppes of eurasia, and pampas of south america, winters are very cold, summers are hot and dry, precipitation is uneven and sparse, no trees except along banks of water, deep fertile soil