acids and bases
No description yet. This curated deck is ready for daily study.
Card preview (24)
what is an indicator
a substance that identifies if something is an acid or alkali
what is the ph scale
a scale from 0 to 14 that measures how acidic or alkaline a substance is. can either use indicator or a ph probe
characteristics or acids
red on the ph scale ph 0 - 6 contain H (hydrogen ion) all acids are solutions, meaning they are aqueous
what is a base / alkali
blue on ph scale ph 8 - 14 contain OH (hydroxide ions) soluble
what do acids release when dissolved in water
H+ ions
what do bases release when dissolved in water
OH - ions
what ions can bases accept
H +
what colour does acids turn blue litmus paper
red
what colour does bases turn red litmus paper
blue
what is the bronsted-lowry theory
modern definition of acids and bases which includes the reactions that dont occur in water.
what does the bronsted-lowry theory define acids as
a substance that donates a proton (H⁺ ion) to another substance.
what does the bronsted-lowry theory define acids as
A substance that accepts a proton (H⁺ ion) from another substance.
what is ionisation
the process where a neutral molecule (usually an acid) reacts with water and forms ions that wern’t already present in the compound
what is dissociation
when an ionic compound separates into its preexisting ions when dissolved in water
what is an H+ ion
a hydrogen atom thats lost its only electron so is a proton now. this means its extremely reactive and cannot exist on its own in water
what is an Amphiprotic Substances
Substances that can act as both an acid and a base depending on the chemical environment
according to the Bronsted-Lowry theory is an acid a proton donor or acceptor
donor
according to the Bronsted-Lowry theory is a base a proton donor or acceptor
acceptor
what does it mean if an acid is weak
most of the acid molecules remain. its only partially ionised
what does it mean if an acid is strong
it fully ionises in solution
what does acid concentration refer to
the amount of acid molecules in a given volume of solution
what would it be described as i an acid in solution had lots of molecules, but only partial ionisation
A concentrated weak acid
what would it be described as i an acid in solution had few molecules, but all ionised
A dilute strong acid
what does base strength refer to
How completely a base dissociates or accepts protons in water.