B17-18
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Environmental Changes: Why we do this?
Providing land for cattle’s and rice fields Growing crops for biofuels Increase in human population- more demand More waste in landfills
Environmental Changes: Changes affecting the distribution of species in an ecosystem
• temperature • availability of water • composition of atmospheric gases • human interaction eg.poaching • seasonal eg.winter=less food/energy all factors that we need for SURVIVAL
Consequences of deforestation: 4
• decreased biodiversity • decrease in absorption of CO2 • more flooding = destruction of habitats • more endangered species
Biological consequences: 2-3
• extinction of individual species • impact on migration patterns • some plants will grow faster
Biodiversity definition:
Variety of all different species of organisms on the Earth, or within an ecosystem
Why is biodiversity important?
Higher biodiversity = fewer species rely on one food source, shelter and maintaining their environment Relatable topics: natural selection,deforestation,extinction,food chains,adaptations Eg: Lions could eat zebras or deers If one prey went extinct The lions could rely on the other prey as food
Eutrophication: (Chemicals polluting streams and rivers) Step to step process(general idea)
1) Excess nutrients (nitrates) from fertilisers get flushed into rivers 2)pollutants causes growth of algae • they want to respire aerobically 3)algae blooms so oxygen is depleted 4) sunlight cannot reach other plants 5) decomposers break down dead plants using up even more oxygen 6) ecosystem dies- fish and other organisms have less oxygen so die.
Eutrophication: (4-5) Topics:pollution,respiration,decomposition photosynthesis,microbes
Algae blooms Blocks sunlight Plants cannot photosynthesis They decompose. Microorganisms respire aerobically Less oxygen for fish so they die
Where does pollution occur?
In water = fertilisers,sewage’s,toxic chemicals In air = smoke,acidic gases On land = toxic chemicals,landfill
Land use: Farming,quarrying,building,landfills
Destruction of peat bogs = garden compost • reduces area for habitats • reduces biodiversity Decay of peats = release of carbon dioxide
Maintaining biodiversity: Acronym for factors Being Pretty Indecisive Ruins our Reputation
• breeding programmes for endangered species • protection of rare habitats • introduce field margins and hedge grows • reduce deforestation • recycle resources
Food security:
Having enough food to feed a population
Factors affecting our food security: Acronym for factors I’m Coughing New Words ‘Cause I’m Creative
Increasing birth rates Changing diets in developed countries eg.avocados New pests and pathogens Widespread famine Cost of agricultural input Conflict- affects availability of food and water
Farming Techniques: May use cow example in exam
Animals= high protein foods increase growth Restricting energy transfer: • control movement • control temperature
Fisheries: Fish stocks are declining
CONTROL NET SIZE: Make net larger for baby fishes to escape and have a chance to grow bigger FISHING QUOTAS: No fisherman wants to pay extra money for fines🤚🏼
Biotechnology
• Add nutrients into fermenter + steam = growth of fungus • Add cooling water into the water jacket =ingredients can mix • pump air in =fungus grows in aerobic respiration • stirring paddles mix ingredients =distributing nutrients and oxygen fairly • CO2 and water should move out producing fungus =creates a constant flow for respiration
Control variables:
Pressure,temperature and pH of water Steam goes in the top Air in at the bottom Glucose+ oxygen= carbon dioxide + water
Tropic levels:
1) producers =Algae and green plants 2) primary consumer 3) secondary consumer 4) tertiary consumer 5) Apex(nothing eats them)