proteins
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give 3 examples of natural polymers
proteins polysaccharides nucleic acids
what is the role of proteins in animals
provide structural material in animal cells and act as catalysts (enzymes) for biochemical processes
how are peptides made
by linking amino acids during a condensation reaction
what is an amide/peptide link
CON
define protein
sequence of amino acids joined by a peptide link formation is catalysed by a peptidase enzyme
what is the primary structure of a protein
sequence of amino acids
what is the secondary structure of a protein
amino acids in chain may hydrogen bond with amino a/a forming alpha helix or beta pleated sheets
give the location of the N-H bonds in alpha helix
in alpha helix (alpha helicases) N - H bonds in amino acids are on the same side of protein chain
give the location of the N - H and C= O bonds in beta pleated sheets
N - H and C = O alternate from one side of the protein chain to the other
what is the tertiary structure of a polypeptide
polypeptide arranges into 3d helix or b pleated sheets held in place by H bonding, ionic interactions, sulfur - sulfur bonds
what are disulfide bridges
bonds between 2 cystenine R groups disulfide bridges = strong covalent bonds disulfide bridges are therefore stronger than H bonds
what is the quaternary structure of a protein
arrangement of protein made from more than 1 polypeptide chain
how can 3D structure of a protein be determined
x - ray diffraction (locates the position of the atoms in space)