Chemistry Review

Pure substance can be broken down into simpler substances chemically. Contains 2 or more different elements joined by chemical bond (Molecule is smallest part still a compound)

Pure substance can’t be broken down into simpler substances chemically. Contains one type of atom. Can be metal/non-metal, made of individual atoms/molecules (Atom is smallest part still an element)

Gas is when molecules are in constant random motion

A mixture that has two or more phases

Matter with a definite volume but no definite shape

Anything that has mass and takes up space

The act of gathering specific information

Appearance of a substance

New substance formed through a chemical change

When chemical makeup of substance isn’t changed, no new substance is formed (Dissolving, state change)

When new substance is made (Rusting, burning)

An observation through measurement, a number (melting/boiling point)

An observation through senses - smell, hear, feel, see, taste (colour, odour, texture)

The starting material in a chemical change

Matter with a definite volume and shape with particles closely packed

Homogeneous mixture composed of only one phase

Subatomic particle with positive charge found in nucleus

Subatomic particle with no charge found in nucleus

Subatomic particle with negative charge orbits the nucleus

Core of atom consists of proton and neutron, contains nearly all mass of atom

Charged atoms formed by changing the number of electrons in outer orbit

(Metal) Metal atoms tend to lose electrons to form positive ions

(Non-metal) Non-metal atoms tend to gain electrons to form negative ions

Formed when metal atom completely transfers valence e- to non-metal atom