Digestion
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Define digestion
The breaking down of food into smaller pieces so they can be absorbed by the body
Name the three main types of teeth
Incisors, canines and molars
Describe the function of the incisors
For biting
Describe the function of the canines
To tearing or ripping food
Describe the function of the molars
For chewing or grinding food
What types of teeth would you expect to find in a herbivore and why?
Molars because they need to grind up plant material Incisors as well to initially bite the food off the rest of the plant
What types of teeth would you expect to find in a carnivore and why?
Canines because they need to rip meat off the animal
What types of teeth would you expect to find in an omnivore and why?
All sets of teeth because they need to bite food off the plant of animal, grind up plant material and rip meat off the animal
In a tooth, what is the protective covering called?
Enamel
Inside a tooth, what is the main mass of the tooth?
Dentine
The pulp cavity contains what two structures?
Blood vessels and nerves
Why are molars wide?
Larger surface area to grind plant material up more easily
What part of the tooth holds it into the jaw?
Root
What liquid is used to help breakdown food in the mouth?
Saliva
Where is this saliva made?
Salivary glands
What does saliva contain that helps breakdown food?
Enzymes
What food group is mainly broken down in the mouth?
Carbohydrates
What is the name of the tube that takes food from the mouth to the stomach?
Oesophagus
What two substances does the stomach contain to help break down food?
Enzymes and acid (hydrochloric acid)
What food group starts being broken down in the stomach?
Protein
What is the function of the small intestine?
To finish digesting food and to absorb the good nutrients from the food into the blood
What are the finger-like projections that are found on the inside of the small intestine?
Villi
Why does the small intestine have villi?
To increase the surface area to nutrients can be absorbed faster
What does the liver produce to help with digestion?
Bile