CH 4 Synaptic Transmission
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Voltage-Gated Calcium Channels
Open in response to voltage changes within the presynaptic terminal. Ca2+ is highly concentrated on the outside of the presynaptic terminal.
Postsynaptic Changes in the Membrane
Chemical messengers produce changes in the membrane potential of the postsynaptic neuron.
Postsynaptic receptor families
Have a specific binding site where neurotransmitters attach themselves.
The binding of the neurotransmitter to the receptor is like
inserting a key into a rock.Re
Receptors can be classified into two general families. What are they?
Inotropic ( transmitter-gated ion channels.) Metabotropic ( G-protein coupled receptors.)
Ionotropic ( Transmitter-gated ion channels
Allow the passage of ions between the inside and outside of a cell. They have four or five subunits that have a pore in the middle.
There are multiple subtypes of transmitter-gated ion channels. What are they called?
They are called excitatory or inhibitory.
Ionotropic graded potentials
Allows sodium to pass through.
Ionotropic receptors have an excitatory effect on the postsynaptic neuron because it will result in what?
It will result in depolarization.
Graded Potentials. Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potentials
These allow potassium or Chloride to pass through. These receptors have an inhibitory effect because they result in hyperpolarization.
Receptors that have an inhibitory effect on the postsynaptic neuron result in what?
Hyperpolarization of the cell.
Receptors that have an excitatory effect on the postsynaptic neuron results in what?
Depolarization of the cell.
Graded potentials: Excitatory postsynaptic potentials allow what to pass through?
Sodium
Graded potentials: Inhibitory Postsynaptic potentials allows what to pass through?
Allows potassium or chloride to pass through