The memory system notes
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Who was the working memory model first proposed by and when?
Baddeley and Hitch 1978
The working memory is another name for what?
Short term memory
Name all the component of the working memory
Central executive Phonological loop visuospatial sketchpad Episodic buffer
When a teammate calls for the ball, the sound of the communication would be stored where?
Phonological loop
The phonological loop is made up of…
two parts: the phonological store and the articulatory control process
What retrieves information from the long term memory to help you understand what is in the working memory?
Episodic buffer
What is the control centre of the working memory called?
Central executive
Working memory of what we see is temporarily stored where?
Visuospatial sketchpad
What sends modified information from the working memory back to the long term memory?
Episodic buffer
Describe the role of the central executive
Control centre of the working memory model. It uses three subsystems to control all the information moving in and out the memory system. It then separates which info should be sent to which subsystem.
Describe the role of the Phonological loop
Deals with auditory information from senses to produce the memory trace. Phonological loop consists of the phonological store and the articulatory control process. The memory trace can be sent to the LTM to trigger a motor program and produce movement.
Describe the role of the Visuospatial sketchpad
Temporarily stores visual and spatial information. Also stores kinaesthetic information.
Using a sporting example, describe the role of the episodic buffer
The episodic buffer coordinates the work from the phonological loop and the visuospatial sketchpad into sequences which is sent to the LTM. Links WM with LTM. Gathers information such as the flight of the ball, the sound of a teammate’s call.
Explain how the working memory and the longterm memory work together
• The working memory picks up relevant information from the display using selective attention. • Working memory sends coded info to the LTM for future use and storage. • Working memory produces a memory trace. • Working memory works with the LTM to send the memory trace to the LTM so it can be compared to info already in the storage area of the LTM. • The LTM sends info mack to the working memory for use in the current sporting situation.
Give a sporting example of the WM and LTM work together?
In tennis the working memory would send a image/trace of the position of the opponent and the flight of the ball to the LTM so that the situation could be compared to info already stored in the in the LTM. This will allow for an appropriate return shot to be decided upon.
Describe the LTM
Receives info from the WM and has an unlimited capacity for the storage of motor programs.
What is the difference between a feature and a function?
Feature- description “what is it like” Function- what something does
What is the “function” of the working memory?
Sends the memory trace to the LTM initiating the action
What is the “function” of the LTM
Stores important info in the form of motor programs.
Name some “features” of the WM
• limited capacity can only hold 7 pieces on information at a time. • limited time scale of around 30 sec • responsible for picking up relevant info from the display
Name some “feature” of the LTM
• Unlimited capacity • Lifelong storage • Stores motor programes • Send and receives info from the WM
What is the first role of the working memory?
Pick up relevant info from the environment/display
Name all the memory tools that help store important info Males And Females Can Run Charity Races
Males And Females Can Run Charity Races Mental practice Association Focus Chunking Rewards Chaining Repetition
Explain how the memory tool ‘association’ works
associating actions with emotions helps store information in the LTM e.g. the feeling of satisfaction from getting a reward can be linked to the correct sporting action