Unit 3
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What are the survivorship curves?
Type 1 ( Stable / k-selected species ) : LATE LOSS, tend to live long lives, dramatic death rate increase at the end Type 2 : CONSTANT LOSS, relatively constant mortality survivorship rate throughout their life expectancies Type 3 ( Unstable / r-selected species ) : EARLY LOSS, high death rate immediately following birth, low survivorship rate
Density dependent factors - P.A.N.D.A.
Predatation and parasites Availability of shelter and water Nutrient supply Disease Accumulation of waste
Density independent factors - C.A.N.
Climate and weather conditions Availability of light, O2, CO2 Natural disasters
What is the Thomas Malthus / Malthusian Theory?
Population growth is exponential while food supply / resource growth is linear eventually reducing living standards triggering population decline.
What are the 4 stages of the DTM?
Stage 1 : Pre-industrial, birth and death rates are high, pop. low Stage 2 : Transitional, low death rates, high birth rates, rapid pop. growth Stage 3 : Industrial, birth rates gradually decrease, pop. growth continues but at a lower rate Stage 4 : Post-industrial, low birth rates and death rates, stabilizing pop.
What is a fertility rate?
The average number of children a woman would have in her child bearing years.