Other Fuels(Complete)
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What are other possible sources of fuels?
Biodiesel. Hydrogen. Ethanol/ methanol. Natural gas from other sources.
What are the two ways to produce hydrogen?
Steam reforming of natural gas. Electrolysis in water.
What is the equation for steam reformation of natural gas?
CH4 + H2O = CO + 3H2. CO is a good fuel but it is toxic so it is removed. H2 is an excellent source of fuel.
How is hydrogen produced by electrolysis?
Dilute H2SO4 is used as the catalyst. Hydrogen is produced at the cathode. 4H2O + 4e- = 4OH- + 2H2 Oxygen is produced at the anode. 2H2O - 4e- = 4H+ + O2
Where is electrolysis normally done and why?
Near power stations as excess electricity can be used to produce it.
What are the advantages of using hydrogen as a fuel?
Lots of energy per kg. Non- polluting as it only produces water. Can be used in fuel cells providing a very efficient production of electricity.
What are the disadvantages of using hydrogen as a fuel?
It is explosive. The molecules are very small and therefore can escape very easily. It takes high pressure to store large amounts in a small volume.
How is ethanol produced?
By fermentation of yeast: C6H12O6 = 2CO2 + 2C2H5OH.
What are the sources of biodiesel?
Rapeseed oil. Algae. Waste cooking oil.
What are the sources of methane?
Cow farts. Animal slurry.
What are the advantages of using biofuels as oppose to using fossil fuels?
They are renewable and infinite.