Chapter 12.1
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What are the four different types of solids?
metallic solids, ionic solids, covalent network solids, molecular solids
What holds metallic solids togeher?
a sea of collectively shared electrons
What hold ionic solids together?
sets of cation and anions mutally attracted to one another by electrostatic attraction
What hold covalent-network solids togehter?
joined by an extensive network of covalent bonds
What hold molecular solids together?
discrete molecules held together by weak forces
What are polymer solids contain?
contain long chains of atoms connected by covalent bonds, chains can be connected to other chains by weak forces
What are nonmaterial solids?
crystalline compounds with the crystals on the order of 1-100nm
What are crystalline solids?
a solid whose internal arrangment of atoms, molecules, or ions posesses a regulary repeating pattern
What are amorphous solids?
a distinct lack of order in the arrangement of atoms
What is a unit cell?
the smallest portion of a crystal that reproduced the strucure of the entire crystal
What is crystal lattice?
the pattern of points on which the unit cells are arranged
What are the three types of 3D cubic lattices?
primitive cubic lattice,body centered cubic lattice,face-centerted cubic lattice
Where are the lattice points on the primitve cubic lattice?
lattice points only at corners
Where are the lattice points on the body-centered cubic lattice?
at the corners plus one lattice point in the center of the unit cell
Where are the lattice points on the Face-Centered Cubic Lattice?
at corners plus one lattice point at the center of each face
Which solid is brittle, somewhat high boiling point, conducts electrcity if dissolved in water?
Ionic solids
Which solid has a relativley low melting point and is soft?
molecular
Which solid is highly conductive, flexible and strong?
metallic
Which solid has a very high melting point and is extremely hard?
network covalent