Intro Exam 2

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Total cards: 24•Content version: v4•Public deck•Updated: 8/1/2026

Card preview (24)

Front (Question)

Zygote

Back (Answer)

a fertilized egg

Front (Question)

Mitosis process

Back (Answer)

• one cell–>two -both cells get exact copy of genetic material from parent cell

Front (Question)

Meiosis

Back (Answer)

• genetic material halved -diploid complement is reformed by fertilization -Gamete formation in animals

Front (Question)

Which species has most and fewest pairs of chromosomes

Back (Answer)

Poultry=most Swine=fewest

Front (Question)

Mitosis steps

Back (Answer)

Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase

Front (Question)

Where does meiosis occur

Back (Answer)

Primordial germ cells

Front (Question)

The doubled pairs in meiosis come together through:

Back (Answer)

Synapsis

Front (Question)

What are the cells called in meiosis

Back (Answer)

-primary spermatocyte -primary oocyte

Front (Question)

Spermatogenesis

Back (Answer)

when each meiosis produces 4 equally sized sperm cells

#10

Front (Question)

What are homologous Chromosome

Back (Answer)

Chromosomes paired in diploid cells

#11

Front (Question)

DNA Bases

Back (Answer)

• Adenine (A) pairs with Thymine (T) -Guanine (G) pairs with Cytosine (C)

#12

Front (Question)

Protein Synthesis Steps

Back (Answer)

1) Transcription (synthesis of RNA from DNA in the nucleus by matching base sequences) 2) Transfer RNA/tRNA (tRNA gets coded by DNA in the nucleus then moves to the cytoplasm where it identifies and connects w/ an amino acid) 3) These amino acids formed then go down to the ribosome where peptide bonds form btwn the amino acids 4) tRNA gets released and there’s a newly formed protein

#13

Front (Question)

Who determines sex of offspring

Back (Answer)

Male

#14

Front (Question)

Linear Interaction

Back (Answer)

When genes in the same chromosome interact

#15

Front (Question)

Allelic interaction

Back (Answer)

When corresponding genes interact in a homologous chromosome

#16

Front (Question)

Epistatic Interaction

Back (Answer)

When a gene/gene pair alters or masks the expression of genes on another chromosome (nonhomologous chromosomes)

#17

Front (Question)

Overdominance

Back (Answer)

where the heterozygous animals are superior to either of the homozygous conditions

#18

Front (Question)

Hybrid Vigor

Back (Answer)

the greater vigor/productivity of crossbreds

#19

Front (Question)

Somatotropin

Back (Answer)

protein hormone produced in anterior pituitary gland to stimulate growth

#20

Front (Question)

Qualitative traits

Back (Answer)

-only 1-4 pairs of genes control 1 trait -simple inheritance -descriptive/subjective

#21

Front (Question)

Quantitative traits

Back (Answer)

-ones that are economically important -many pairs of genes affect one trait -objectively measured

#22

Front (Question)

Pleiotropy

Back (Answer)

when genes have effect on more than one trait

#23

Front (Question)

P=G+E

Back (Answer)

phenotype=genotype+environment

#24

Front (Question)

What is a contemporary group

Back (Answer)

a group of animals with the same: -herd -sex -birth szn -weigh dates -breed/breed type