Alkane Reactions

hydrocarbons wherein all bonds around carbon atom are single bonds, that is, all the carbon are sp3 hybridized

all the bonds are sigma bonds, the geometry is tetrahedral, and the angle between the bonds is 109.5o what type of hybridized carbons

general formula for alkane, where n is any integer

ethane number of C and H atoms

alkanes are these thus the intermolecular force of attraction amongst the molecules is wander vaals and therefore the melting point and boiling point are relatively lower than other organic compounds of the same number of carbon atoms

The number of carbons ____ both the melting point and boiling point

The increase of the length of the carbon chain _____ the surface area of molecules

as the branching increases the melting point and the boiling point ____

most important sources of alkane

process to obtain alkanes from natural sources

set a systematic way of naming organic compounds (IUPAC)

set a systematic way of naming organic compounds (IUPAC)

identify the special branched constituents

reaction of alkane with molecular oxygen, O2. In the presence of heat to produce carbon dioxide, CO2, and water, H2O. The general equation is written as:

what will the alkane react with in a combustion reaction

product of combustion reaction

draw the products of alkanes in combustion reaction

three possible reactions of alkanes

involves the breakdown of long chain alkanes to smaller chain alkanes with the use of high temperature or catalysts

two types of cracking

carried out at a temperature of approximately 750oC and at a pressure of 70 atm

temperature and pressure of alkane cracking

Gives a mixture of products with a high proportion of hydrocarbons with carbon to carbon double bonds (alkenes)

uses a zeolite catalyst that allows cracking to take place at a lower temperature (500oC) and pressure