Structure And Bonding Yr10
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What is a row called?
Period
What is a column called?
Group
What do atoms in the same group have the same number of?
Electrons in their outer shell
What do atoms in the same group show similar of?
Chemical properties
What does the atomic number tell us?
Number of protons
What does the number of protons tell us?
Number of electrons
What does the mass number tell us?
Number of protons + neutrons
Number of neutrons =
Mass number - atomic number
What do elements in the same period have the same of?
Number of shells
Which number is the mass number?
The top one (always bigger)
Which number is the atomic number?
The bottom one (always smaller)
What tells us the electronic configuration?
Atomic number (bottom number, smaller number)
What is a covalent bond?
The electrostatic attraction between a shared pair of electrons and nuclei of the two bonded atoms
What does covalent bonding take place between?
Non-metal atoms
When are atoms stable?
When they have a full outer shell of electrons
Is covalent bonding sharing or transferring electrons?
Sharing
Examples of simple molecules
Chlorine Hydrogen Nitrogen Ammonia Water Methane
What is a simple molecule?
A small group of atoms covalently bonded
What are the atoms joined by (simple molecules)?
Strong covalent bonds
What is between the individual molecules (simple molecules)?
Weak intermolecular forces
What can covalent bonds be used to make?
Much larger structures such as polymers and giant covalent structures
What happens when you heat iodine?
Sublime’s forming purple vapour
What happens when you heat wax?
Melts into a colourless liquid
What happens when you heat ice?
Melts into water