chapter 26
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a naturally occurring inorganic solid with a crystalline form
mineral
the color of a mineral in powered form
streak
when a mineral breaks along preferred planes of weakness creating sets of smooth parallel sides
cleavage
molten rock material inside earth
magma
minerals that break unevenly
fracture
the physical property that measures a minerals resistance to scratching
hardness
a mineral is
naturally occurring, inorganic solid, with a crystalline form
what are the two most abundant elements that make up Earth´s crust
oxygen and silicon
what does inorganic mean
means that materials are not living
what does the arrangement of an atom and the bonds between them reflect about a mineral
how it breaks, how hard it is, and what types of crystal shape it has
what are all of the ways to identify minerals
luster, streak, hardness, cleavage, fraction, atomic arrangement, and shape
what are the two types of luster
metallic or nonmetallic
how does metallic luster reflect light
very easily or like metal
how does metallic luster reflect light
a glassy like shine or appear earthy or waxy
how do you preform a streak test
rubbing it across an unglazed porcelain tile
what are the two types of breakage that can happen to minerals
cleavage and fracture
what is the name of the scale to measure the hardness of a mineral
mohs scale of hardness
what is the number range on Mohs Scale of Hardness
1-10
how many different crystal shape systems are there
6
minerals grow from the
inside out
what are the 3 ways minerals can form
hot water, molten rock, and evaporation
what are the two mineral groups
silicates and non silicates
which mineral group is the most abundant in Earth’s crust
silicate
which element are silicates made up of
oxygen and silicon