Unit 2

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Total cards: 24•Content version: v4•Public deck•Updated: 8/1/2026

Card preview (24)

Front (Question)

Energy

Back (Answer)

The ability to do work

Front (Question)

How does energy flow

Back (Answer)

Radiation, Convection, and Conduction

Front (Question)

Radiation

Back (Answer)

The movement of energy through electromagnetic waves; UV and rays in wavelengths to warm something up

Front (Question)

Conduction

Back (Answer)

The transfer of heat energy through collisions of the atoms or molecules of a substance.

Front (Question)

Convection

Back (Answer)

The movement of matter caused by differences in density.

Front (Question)

External

Back (Answer)

More than 99.9% of the thermal energy that we feel on the ground, in the ocean water, and the atmosphere comes either directly or indirectly from the sun. It drives the winds, ocean currents, and the water cycle, and supports all life on Earth.

Front (Question)

Internal

Back (Answer)

Left over heat from Earth’s formation and energy released by atoms during radioactive decay processes.

Front (Question)

Albedo

Back (Answer)

Measure of the percentage of light that a particular surface will reflect

Front (Question)

Feedback

Back (Answer)

A response within a system

#10

Front (Question)

Most abundant elements in the Earth’s crust

Back (Answer)

Oxygen and silicon

#11

Front (Question)

Element

Back (Answer)

A substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means

#12

Front (Question)

Mineral

Back (Answer)

A substance that has specific characteristics.

#13

Front (Question)

Mineral rules

Back (Answer)

• Occurs naturally • Inorganic • Solid • Specific Crystalline (structure/shape) • Specific chemical composition

#14

Front (Question)

Crystal

Back (Answer)

a piece of a homogeneous solid substance having a natural geometrically regular form with symmetrically arranged plane faces.

#15

Front (Question)

How does a crystal form

Back (Answer)

Crystals usually form from molten rock as the molten rock gradually cools.Crystals can also form when water evaporates.

#16

Front (Question)

Luster

Back (Answer)

how the mineral reflects light from it’s surface

#17

Front (Question)

Hardness

Back (Answer)

Is a measure of how easily a mineral can be scratched

#18

Front (Question)

Cleavage

Back (Answer)

Shape, direction and angles the mineral forms when broken. It also breaks easily

#19

Front (Question)

Fracture

Back (Answer)

Break with a ragged or jagged edges because of its tightly bonded atoms

#20

Front (Question)

Streak

Back (Answer)

Is the color of a mineral when it is broken up and powdered

#21

Front (Question)

Special properties of minerals

Back (Answer)

Magnetism – occurs between minerals that contain iron; only magnetite and pyrrhotite are strongly magnetic Double refraction – occurs when a ray of light passes through the mineral and is split into two rays Effervescence – occurs when reaction with hydrochloric acid causes calcite to fizz Fluorescence- occurs when some minerals are exposed to ultraviolet light, which causes them to glow in the dark Iridescence – a play on colors, caused by the bending of light rays

#22

Front (Question)

Texture

Back (Answer)

How it feels

#23

Front (Question)

Silicates

Back (Answer)

basic building block is a silica tetrahedron

#24

Front (Question)

Carbonates

Back (Answer)

minerals composed of one or more metallic elements and the carbonate ion CO3