11. Organic chemistry
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What is organic chemistry?
Organic Chemistry is the scientific study of the structure, properties, and reactions of organic compounds
What are organic compounds?
Organic compounds are those which contain carbon
What 3 compounds are not considered to be organic compounds?
For conventional reasons metal carbonates, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide are not included in organic compounds
What is a hydrocarbon?
A compound that contains only hydrogen and carbon atoms
What is the general formula?
A formula that states the ratio of atoms of each element in the formula of every compound in a particular homologous series
What is the structural formula?
Condensed representation that shows the symbols for each atom in a compound with straight lines joining them to represent the covalent bonds
What is the displayed formula?
graphic representation that shows the symbols for each atom in a compound with straight lines joining them to represent the covalent bonds
What types of combustion do hydrocarbons undergo?
These compounds undergo complete and incomplete combustion
When does complete combustion occur?
Complete combustion occurs when there is excess oxygen
Chemical Equation for complete combustion of methane?
CH4+ 2O2→CO2+ 2H2O
When does incomplete combustion occur?
Incomplete combustion occurs when there is insufficient oxygen to burn
What is formed when complete combustion occurs?
water and carbon dioxide form
What is formed when incomplete combustion occurs?
either carbon monoxide and water or carbon and water form
What are the two possible chemical equations for methane during incomplete combustion?
2CH4+ 3O2→ 2CO + 4H2O CH4+ O2→ C + 2H2O
What does the prefix “meth” tell you about a compound?
contains 1 carbon atom
What does the prefix “eth” tell you about a compound?
contains 2 carbon atoms
What does the prefix “prop” tell you about a compound?
contains 3 carbon atoms
What does the prefix “but” tell you about a compound?
contains 4 carbon atoms
What does the suffix “ane” tell you about the family of a compound?
alkane
What does the suffix “ene” tell you about the family of a compound?
alkene
What does the suffix “anol” tell you about the family of a compound?
alcohol
What does the suffix “anoic acid” tell you about the family of a compound?
carboxylic acid
What does the suffix “amine” tell you about the family of a compound?
amine
What does the suffix “yl … annotate” tell you about the family of a compound?
ester