Chapter 19: Gene Expression in Development

process by which a multicellular organism, beginning with a single cell, goes through a series of changes, talking on successive forms that characterize it’s life cycle

earliest stages of development in a plant or animal

sets the developmental fate of a cell—what type of cell it will become—even before any characteristics of that cell type are observable

is the process by which different types of cells arise, leading to cells with specific structures and functions

organization and spatial distribution of differentiated cells into the multicellular body and its organs

increase in size of the body and its organs by cell division and cell enlargement

During development, each undifferentiated cell will become part of a particular type of tissue

cells have the potential to differentiate into any cell type, including more embryonic cells

have the potential to develop into most other cell types, but cannot form new embryos

differentiate into several different, related cell types.

they can produce only one cell type, they own

factor within the cell may be unequally distributed in the cytoplasm. After cell division, the factor ends up in some daughter cells or region of cells but not others.

factor is actively produced and secreted by certain cells to induce other cells to become determined

distributed unequally in eggs cytoplasm. plays role in directing the embryonic development of many organisms

signaling factor

process that results in the spatial organization of a tissue or organism

encode proteins that act in combination to produce specific whorl features

replacement of one organ for another

“spatial” sense

which diffuses from one cell or group of cells to surrounding cells, setting up a concentration gradient

set up the major axes (anterior–posterior and dorsal–ventral) of the egg

determine the boundaries and polarity of each segment.

determine which organ will be made at a given location

organize borad areas along the anterior-posterior axis