2.2.1 Electron Structure
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How many electrons can fill the first four shells?
Shell 1 = 2 Shell 2 = 8 Shell 3 = 18 Shell 4 = 32
What is an atomic orbital?
A region around the nucleus that can hold up to two electrons with opposite spins
What is the shape of an s-orbital?
A spherical shape
What is the shape of a p-orbital?
A dumbbell shape
How many orbitals make the the s-shell and how many electrons can it hold?
• 1 orbital • 2 electrons
How many orbitals make the the p-shell and how many electrons can it hold?
• 3 orbitals • 6 electrons
How many orbitals make the the d-shell and how many electrons can it hold?
• 5 orbitals • 10 electrons
How do you fill the orbitals?
• Orbitals are filled in order of increasing energy • 1s, 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p, 4s, 3d, 4p • Orbitals are occupied singularly before paring
What is subshell notation?
First number = shell Second letter = sub shell Third number = number of electrons in sub shell
How do you find the electronic configuration of an ion?
4s electrons are lost before 3d electrons
What are the irregular electronic configurations of copper and cromium?
• Half filled or fully filled sub levels add stability • Electron is promoted to half fill or fully fill a sub level Cu = 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s1 3d10 Cr = 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s1 3d5