State of mater
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molecules make up all matter, and above absolute zero, they are in constant ________
motion
the amount of movement with in a molecule (and atom) increases as it gains _____ and decrease as it loses _____
heat(or energy or thermal energy)
amount of heat needed to transition between states will not
break the bonds
0 Kelvin =-273 C
Above absolute zero
how is heat measured
units of calories or joules
the temperature at which a phase change of a substance occurs depends on
its intermolecular forces (molecule to molecule attractions)
what two conditions do substance depend on
temperature and pressure
solid phase
a state of matter that will retain its shape and density when not contained
melting phase
change of any substance from a solid to liquid
freezing phase
transition of liquid to solid
liquid is a state of matter that has definite ____ but not definite ____
volume; shape
boiling point
transition of a substance from liquid to gas when it acquires enough energy to reach boiling point
evaporation
defining the phase change from liquid to gas, but DOES NOT require that substance to acquire enough energy to reach boiling point
gas state
state of matter composed of molecules in constant random motion
condensation
transition of gas to liquid when it loses enough energy
phase diagram
is a graph of physical states of substance under varying temperature and pressure
triple point
is the temperature and pressure at which solid liquid and gas phases of pure substance coexist
sublimation
transition of a substance from solid to gas without passing through liquid state
deposition
transition of a substance from gas to solid without passing through the liquid state
critical point
substance co-exisits in both its liquid and gas states