Proteins
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def of primary structure protein
The order of amino acids in a chain
Bonds in a primary structure
Peptide
Def of secondary structure protein
Polypeptides held in place by hydrgen bonds
Bonds in a secondary structure
Hydrogen
Def of tertiary structure protein
Polypeptide is folded into a unique shape
Bonds in a tertiary structure
-ionic -hydrogen -disulphite bridges -hydrophobic
Def of quaternary structure protein
2 or more polypeptide chains which forms a functional protein
Bonds in quaternary structure protein
same as tertiary
2 common structures of secondary proteins
-Alpha helix -Beta pleated sheets
How are hydrogen bonds represented in diagrams
dotted lines
Why are proteins all unique
due to ‘R’ group
Example of tertiary structure (2)
Hormones e.g insulin Enzymes e.g protease
Example of quaternary structure
Collagen (fibrous protein with 3 alpha helix chains twisted together
Elements in proteins (4)
Oxygen,Hydrogen,Carbon,Nitrogen
When 2 amino acids join with a peptide bond what is formed
Dipeptide molecule
What levels of protein structues are functional protein
Tertiary and quaternary
3 protein functions
Support-keratin in hair and nails Enzymes-speed up chemical reactions Hormones-co ordination of activities
Example of a hormone and what it does
Insulin-controls blood glucose concentration
How are proteins formed
from polymers of amino acids which are called polypeptides
2 sides of an amino acid diagram
Amine group(basic properties) NH2+ Carboxylic acid group(acidic properties) COOH-
Def of hydrolysis
breaking a bond through the addition of a water molecule
Def of condensation reaction
2 molecules bond together and a water molecule is produced
The link formed between 2 glucose molecules is known as what kind of bond
Glycosidic bond