Energetics
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Exothermic process
A process in which heat is released by the system to the surroundings, and hence the temperature of the surroundings increases
Endothermic process
A process in which heat is absorbed by the system from the surroundings, and hence the temperature of the surroundings decreases.
Enthalpy
Enthalpy indicates the total energy stored in a system under certain conditions
Bond enthalpy
Bond enthalpy is the enersy needed to break one mole of bonds in saseors molecrles under standard conditions
Atomization
It is a process which gaseous atoms are formed from its constituent species (atom or molecule) of the element. endothermic
Ionization
It is a process which electron(s) is/are removed from its saseors atoms or ions. It is therefore an endothermic
Abstraction of electron
It is a process which saseors atoms or ions receive electron(s) to form anions.
Entropy
it is a measure of the number of possible microscopic arrangements. It quantifies the level of randomness / disorderness in a system. It therefore helps predict the direction of chance.
Gibbs’ free energy
It is the energy which is free to do useful work