C1 Atomic Structure & Periodic Table
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What is an isotope?
Atoms of the same element, same number of protons, different number of neutrons
What are the three subatomic particles?
Protons, neutrons, and electrons.
Which subatomic particle has a relative mass of -1
Electrons
What are elements in group 1 known as?
Alkali metals
Describe how the reactivity of alkali metals changes as you go down group 1
Reactivity increases as you go down the group
Explain why noble gases do not react easily?
They have a full outer electron shell which makes them stable.
What group of elements is known as the halogens
Group 7
Explain the arrangement of electrons in an atom.
Electrons are arranged in energy levels or shells around the nucleus. The first shell can hold up to 2 electrons, and subsequent shells can hold up to 8 electrons.
What happens when metals react? And what does it give them?
They lose electrons to achieve a full outer shell. The stable electronic structure of a group 0 noble gases.
Do metals form negative or positive ions?
Positive
Where are non-metals generally found in the periodic table?
Right side
Where are metals generally found in the periodic table?
Left and centre
What are the typical properties of transition metals?
Bent and shaped Good conductors of electricity
What is filtration used for?
To separate an insoluble solid from a liquid.
What is a state symbol?
A symbol that tells us the physical state of a chemical S for solid L for liquid Aq for dissolved in water.
How would you separate silver chloride from water?
Use filter funnel and paper Pour mixture into paper Water passes through the tiny pores of the paper Silver chloride cannot pass through the filter paper
What is crystillasation?
A method used to seperate a soluble solid away from a liquid.
Sodium chloride is a soluble solid. What happens when it touches water?
It dissolves and forms a NaCl solution
Describe how crystallisation works?
Get a soluble solid solution Leave it for a few days Water will evaporate leaving crystals behind.
How can you make crystallisation faster?
By heating our solution to evaporate water.
Give a risk of making crystallisation faster?
Certain chemicals will break down if we heat them.
What are compounds?
Two or more different elements.
What is a mixture?
Different elements and compounds not chemically combined.
What elements does methane, water and ammonia have?
Methane: Carbon and hydrogen Water: Hydrogen and oxygen Ammonia: Nitrogen and Hydrogen